Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh; Rita Rezaee; Abbas Rezaianzadeh; Mahnaz Rakhshan; Gholamhassan Haddadi; Mahmoudreza Peyravi
Volume 21, Issue 5 , 2019, Pages 1-8
Abstract
Background: The emergency department is the entrance gate of patients to a hospital. Hospitals are confronted with major chal- lenges in radiation, nuclear accidents, and nuclear terrorism. Iran is also at risk of disasters, accidents, and threats, so, the possibility of nuclear and radiation accidents ...
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Background: The emergency department is the entrance gate of patients to a hospital. Hospitals are confronted with major chal- lenges in radiation, nuclear accidents, and nuclear terrorism. Iran is also at risk of disasters, accidents, and threats, so, the possibility of nuclear and radiation accidents cannot be neglected.Objectives: The present study aimed to extract the effective factors in emergency department preparedness of hospitals for radia- tion, nuclear accidents, and nuclear terrorism in Iran.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using in-depth semi-structured interviews with 32 key informants selected through purposive and snowball sampling. Experts were from seven different specialties. Data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method in order to extract the effective factors in emergency department preparedness of hospitals for radiation, nuclear accidents, and nuclear terrorism in Iran in 2019. The interviews were held in the cities of Bushehr, Tehran, Shiraz, and Isfahan from September 2018 to February 2019.Results: Effective factors in emergency department preparedness of hospitals were categorized into staff preparedness, equipment preparedness, and system preparedness with 20 subcategories. The experts emphasized that training courses and exercises could enhance the preparedness and response to these accidents.Conclusions: This study showed that the emergency departments of hospitals in Iran have many challenges. When the country moves towards having nuclear technology, must also provide the infrastructure of the preparedness. There must be an attempt toreduce these challenges by providing financial and structural support. Identifying effective factors in preparation can be helpful in setting up programs for emergency department preparedness of hospitals against nuclear and radiation accidents.
Mohammad Reza Heydari; Majid Fardaei; Mohammad Rahim Kadivar; Abbas Rezaianzadeh; Mohammad Reza Panjehshahin; Zeinab Gholami Bardeji; Mohammad Reza Miri; Jamileh Saberzadeh
Volume 19, Issue 4 , April 2017, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
Background: Gilbert’s syndrome can present as a chronic or benign asymptomatic condition, characterized by a slight increase in the serum bilirubin level without any hemolysis. In 1995, a genetic variation, located in the TATA box of UGT1A1 gene promoter, was identified in patients with Gilbert’s ...
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Background: Gilbert’s syndrome can present as a chronic or benign asymptomatic condition, characterized by a slight increase in the serum bilirubin level without any hemolysis. In 1995, a genetic variation, located in the TATA box of UGT1A1 gene promoter, was identified in patients with Gilbert’s syndrome. Also, further analysis identified a new missense variation, Gly71Arg, within the codon region of UGT1A1 gene. Coincidence of TATA box and Gly71Arg variations and their relationship with clinical findings are mostly variable.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine TATA box and Gly71Arg variations of UGT1A1 gene and assess their effects on clinical findings in patients with Gilbert’s syndrome in southern provinces of Iran.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 213 unrelated infants and children, below 12 years, who were admitted to the pediatric ward of Namazi hospital, Shiraz, Iran, were enrolled from June 2015 to May 2016. Blood-extracted DNA was used for genotyping TATA box and Gly71Arg variations by sequencing. Further biochemical analyses were performed for each patient.Results: About 78.9% of the studied subjects had normal homozygous genotypes, and 21.1% were heterozygous for the Gly71Arg variation. In total, 34% of the cases were normal in the promoter region (TA6/6), and 55% were heterozygous with genotypes TA6/7, TA6/5, and TA 6/8. Three combinations of genotypes, ie, TA6/7-Gly/Gly, TA7/7-Gly/Gly, and TA7/7-Gly/Arg, showed significant differences in the serum total bilirubin level. Also, creatinine phosphokinase in TA6/7-Gly/Arg, TA7/7-Gly/Gly, and TA7/7-Gly/Arg had a significant increase.Conclusions: The present findings showed that the TA7/7 promoter of UGT1A1 gene accounted for a considerable number of Gilbert’s syndrome cases (11.3%). The studied variations had a significant effect on creatine phosphokinase and serum total bilirubin levels.
